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Hello I'm Emma from mmmEnglish. Welcome to the first mmmEnglish lesson of 2020.
大家好，我是Emma，这里是 Emma 的美味英语频道。欢迎大家来到2020年的第一节美味英语课程。
Today I want to inject some new expressions into your vocabulary, expanding your knowledge with some new idioms and some phrasal verbs.
You're about to learn some advanced expressions that will help you sound smart and interesting in English conversations but watching this video is not enough.
今天，我想在大家的词汇表中注入一些新的表达方式，用一些新的习语和短语动词来扩展大家的知识面。大家将会学习一些高级的表达方式，这些内容可以帮助大家在英语会话中听起来更加聪明而且更加有趣，但是仅仅是观看该视频并不够哦。
You need to put them into practice so get ready to type. I'll be inviting you all the way through this video to write sentences in the comments below.
大家需要将它们付诸实践，所以准备好打字吧。在整个视频里面，我会一直让大家在下面的评论区造句。
Before we get started, a quick shout out to our friends at Lingoda who've made it possible for us to bring you today's lesson.
If you've already decided that 2020 is the year to take your speaking skills to the next level, then why not jump right in and get it done faster by joining the next Lingoda Language sprint?
在我们开始之前，我需要为我们的朋友 Lingoda 打个 call，是它的赞助让今天的课程使之成为可能。如果大家已经决定了2020年是英语口语能力更上一层楼的一年，那么为什么不加入下一次的Lingoda语言冲刺来更快地完成这个目标呢？
I can't think of a better way for you to start the year, especially if you register for the Super Sprint, which is a massive thirty classes a month for three months and if you complete every class, Lingoda will reward you with a 100% refund of your payment.
Now if you don't have enough time for the Super Sprint, you also have the option to do the regular Sprint, which is fifteen classes a month, also for three months, very achievable!
我简直是想不出一种更好的方式来开始新的一年了，尤其是如果大家注册的是超级冲刺跑的话，这就是一个体量庞大的项目，要在三个月的时间内，每月参加30节课程。如果你完成了所有课程的话，Lingoda将全额退款作为奖励。
如果你没有足够的时间参加超级冲刺跑的话，还可以选择进行常规的冲刺跑，这是每月十五节课，也是三个月的时间，可行性非常高呢！
And if you complete every class, you'll get a 50% refund. Guys, this is an awesome race that I would love to see you win, you'll accelerate your speaking skills your confidence and your fluency in a short space of time and set yourself up for a really fantastic year ahead.
如果你完成了每节课程的话，可以获得50％的退款呢。朋友们，这是一场非常了不起的比赛，我非常希望能够看到大家赢得比赛，大家将在短时间内提高自己的口语能力、自信心和流利度，为超棒的一年奠定基础。
I've taken this challenge before and you've probably heard me say that it was one of the best things that I ever did for my confidence to speak Spanish. It's not just that the classes are available 24/7 or that they have native teachers and recognised certifications.
我之前接受过这项挑战，大家可能已经听我说过了，这是我为了提升说西班牙语的信心所做过的最好的事情之一了呢。它不仅拥有全天候上的课程安排，还拥有母语教师，还可以获得证书。
For me, it was really about being held accountable. It was urging me to show up every single day and keep improving my Spanish speaking skills.
对我来说，这实际上就是在督促我要承担责任。它敦促我每天出现，并不断提高我的西班牙语能力。
And you can do the same in English, business English German and French too. Registrations for the Sprint are closing on the 27th of January so as always, I'm gonna put the link in the description below.
同样也可以学习英语，商务英语，德语和法语。冲刺跑的注册将于1月27日截止，因此，一如既往，我将在以下说明中添加链接。
If you use this code right here you'll get a cool ten euro discount at the checkout. Alright, let's get started with these advanced English expressions that you can use in everyday conversations starting with 'on the whole. . . '
如果大家在此处使用此代码，则可以在结帐时获得十欧元的优惠。好吧，让我们开始学习这些日常对话中可以使用的高级英语表达吧，从 'on the whole...' 这个词组开始。
Now this is a really useful expression when you're generalising about something and you're coming to a conclusion. So once you've considered everything, the good and the bad, you know we generalise and we say that this is generally how we feel about the situation.
当你要对某件事情进行概括总结，并得出结论的时候，这是一个非常实用的表达。一旦你考虑过某件事情，包括好的方面和不好的方面，我们会进行总结，我们会说这就是我们对于这个情况大致的看法。
Sometimes, my brother and I have disagreements but on the whole, we 
get on really well. So considering the good and the bad we mostly get on well.
有时候呢，我哥哥和我会有些分歧，但是总的来说，我们的相处还是很不错的。考虑了好的方面和不好的方面，我们通常相处得都是很好的。
On the whole, it was a great speech. Yeah there were a couple of things that could be improved but on the whole, the speech was quite good.
总的来说，是一场非常精彩的演讲。确实有一些地方可以改进，但是总的来说，这个演讲还是很好的。
So with this expression, it's not 
necessary to go into detail about the negative things, you don't have to because the expression already tells us that something wasn't or isn't perfect. And let's face it, not many things in life are perfect right?
用这个表达的时候，没有必要非常详细地说负面的东西，没有必要这样做，因为这个表达告诉我们已经告诉我们某件事情并不是完美的。让我们面对现实吧，生活中没多少东西是完美的，对吧？
So this expression is a really useful one to know. On second thoughts.
所以这个表达真的非常有用呢。再次考虑。
Now we use this one when we change our mind about something and it's usually only used in spoken English.
It's not very common to see it in written English because it's a tool to help you change your mind in the middle of a conversation, to change whatever it is you just said usually to the opposite.
当我们改变对于某件事情的想法的时候，我们就会使用这个表达，它通常一般只用在英语口语中。在英语书面语中并不是非常常见，因为
这是在对话中帮助你改变主意的一个工具，完全改变刚才说的话。
I'll meet you at the office after lunch. On second thoughts, let's just go there now.
我们午饭后在办公室见吧。想了一下，我们现在就去吧。
So can you see how we use this as a tool to change what we said in the middle of a conversation, to change your mind. Imagine if someone offered you a beer and you said "No thanks, but I'd love a coffee."
大家可以看到我们是如何使用这个短语作为改变我们在对话中说的话的工具，是怎么用它来改变自己的想法了吧。想象一下，如果有人给了你啤酒，你说“不用了，谢谢，我想要咖啡。”
But then you quickly changed your mind. Actually, on second thoughts I'd love a beer!
但是你很快改变了主意。其实，我想了一下，我想要啤酒呢！
At the end of the day. This is such a good expression to know and to use.
到头来；归根结底。这是大家可以了解可以使用的一个非常好的表达。
We use it to summarise what's most important in the end. At the end of the day, what matters most is that we're all together.
我们使用它在最后的时候来总结一下什么是最重要的。归根结底，最重要的是我们在一起。
So it doesn't really matter whatever else has happened before. Perhaps there was chaos and there was arguments within the family but when everyone sits down to share a meal, at the end of the day, what's most important is that we're here together.
之前发生了什么其实并不怎么重要。也许家庭内部会有一些纷乱和争执，但是当所有人都坐下来分享一顿饭的时候，说到底，最重要的还是我们还在一起。
We usually use it when we're talking about what happens or what's important after a whole series of events or considerations. Even though it was the children who caused the damage, at the end of the day, the teacher is responsible for what happens in the classroom.
在一一系列的事情或者是思考之后，当我们谈论发生了什么，或者是什么是最重要的时候，我们通常会使用这个表达。即使造成破坏的是孩子们，最终要对教室里面发生的事情负责的还是老师。
Off the top of my head. This is a really useful expression to use when you respond to something immediately without thinking too much about your answer.
不假思索。当你立刻回应某件事情，没有怎么思考答案的时候，这是一个非常实用的表达。
So if someone asked "What percentage of the population lives in the city?" Off the top of my head, I'd say about 70%.
如果有人问：“有多少人口在城市中居住？”我脱口而出说百分之七十。
How many hectares of forest and bush land were burned in the bushfires? Off the top of my head, I think more than six million hectares have been burned so far.
大火烧毁了多少公顷的森林和丛林呢？不假思索地，我觉得到目前为止已经有超过六百万公顷的土地被烧毁了。
Now you can also use this expression in the negative when you're trying to think of something but you can't remember. There's a really great Italian restaurant.
这个表达也可以用在负面的情境中，当你努力去做某件事情，但是却想不起来的时候。有一家很棒的意大利餐厅。
I can't think of the name off the top of my head. To be in or out of the loop.
但是我想不起来名字了。在局内/在局外。
This is a really interesting expression. The loop is about being informed and knowing what's happening so if you're in the loop then you know what's going on, you're good.
这是一个非常有趣的表达。“循环”就是被告知，了解发生了什么，所以如果你“在循环内”的话，那你就知道发生了什么，这很好。
But if you're out of the loop, you don't know what's going on. I wasn't in the office last week so I feel like I'm out of the loop. What's been happening?
如果你“在循环外”的话，你就是不知道发生了什么。我上周没来办公室，所以我感觉自己什么都不知道了。发生了什么呢？
And we commonly use it when we're instructing someone to tell us information and we often use it with the verb 'keep' so we say "Can you please keep me in the loop?" Or "Paul needs to be kept in the loop.
当我们让某个人告诉我们某些信息的时候，我们就会使用它，而且我们通常会把它和“keep”这个动词搭配，所以我们会说：“你能告知我吗？”或者是“保罗需要知道发生了什么。
Make sure you tell him what's going on." To be out of touch.
记得一定要告诉他发生了什么哦。”不了解最新情况。
Have you heard this one before? It's used to describe someone who doesn't really have current or up-to-date knowledge about something, anything, so this is quite a negative expression.
你之前听过这个表达吗？这是用来表述某个人对于某件事情最新的发展并不了解的，所以这是个负面的表达。
It's really common to hear it used in a political context or even when children are talking about their parents because it's when they think that someone doesn't really understand the present issues because they're stuck in an older way of thinking.
Many young people feel that politicians are out of touch.
经常会听到它在政治语境中使用，或者是当孩子讨论他们的父母的时候，因为他们觉得某些人并不理解当前的情况，因为他们的思考方式非常老旧。很多年轻人觉得政治家与时代脱节了。
I'm getting quite touchy here. To touch base.
我生气了。和某人喷狗。
A Belgian friend of mine once told me that he was really weirded out by this expression, like it sounds creepy which I never really thought of before but I guess it kind of does sound a little creepy but the meaning is not creepy.
If you touch base with someone, you simply connect with them or you reconnect with someone that you already know.
我的一个比利时的朋友之前告诉过我，他觉得这个表达很奇怪，听起来有点让人毛骨悚然，我之前都没有想到过，但是我觉得可能听起来有点毛骨悚然吧，但是它的意思并不吓人哦。如果你和某人“touch base”的话，你就是和他们取得联系，或者是和你之前认识的人重新取得了联系。
So usually you're reconnecting about a particular topic or about a particular issue. So for that reason, it's really commonly used in the workplace.
通常来说是就一个特定的话题或者是特定的问题碰头。所以呢，它通常被用在工作情境中。
So when you're working on a project with someone and you're gonna do some research separately before you come back together to write your report, this would be really useful. Why don't we get started on our research, and then touch base again later in the week?
当你和某个人一起进行某个项目的事情，在重新回来一起工作写报告之前，你需要单独做点研究，这个表达是非常有用的。为什么我们不开始做点研究，然后这周晚些时间再碰个头呢？
Do you have to touch base with anyone when you're at work? Like where you do things separately but then you come back together to share what you've been doing.
当你工作的时候，你是否需要和其他人碰头呢？比如说你们会先自己做事情，但是后面会回来分享自己在做什么。
What types of things do you have to touch base about? See if you can share some of them in the comments below.
你们需要就什么类型的事情碰头呢？大家可以在评论区分享一下呢。
To be struck by something. This is a really great way of explaining that something has impressed you.
被打动，被触动。这是解释某件事情让你印象非常深刻的很好的方式。
I was struck by how beautiful the forest looked at dawn. So I'm suggesting that the beauty of the forest stopped me.
我被黎明之时森林的美丽所深深震撼。我的意思是森林之美让我沉醉。
I was mesmerised for a moment. When you visit a city and you notice something interesting or unusual, then this expression will help you to sound really intelligent when you share it.
我当下沉迷了片刻。当你游览一个城市，注意到有趣的或者是不同寻常的事情的时候，那么当你分享的时候，这个表达能够帮助你听起来更高级。
I was struck by just how few trees and parks there were in the city. In the wake of the bushfires, we were struck by how resilient the community was.
我被现在城市里寥寥可数的树木和公园所震惊。森林大火之后，我们被社区超强的适应能力所震撼。
Now this phrasal verb has another common use because it can mean to be hit by something. The cyclist was struck by a passing car.
这个动词短语还有另外一个常见的用法，它还有个意思是被某个东西打了。自行车手被一辆过路的汽车撞了。
And commonly this is how it's used in the news, so if you read the English news quite a bit, then I'm sure you'll see this phrasal verb in use. To be sure of one's self.
新闻中一般会这样使用，所以如果你经常阅读英语新闻的话，那么你肯定看到这个动词短语。对自己很肯定。
If you're sure of something, then you're quite certain about it right? You're confident that it's true but did you know that you can also use this expression to talk about how a person feels about themselves?
如果你对某件事情很肯定的话，那么你就是对它很确定对吧？你很自信这是真的，但是你知道你也可以使用这个表达来谈论一个人对自己的感觉吗？
It means that you're quite confident in your own ability. You're very sure of yourself but usually it's an observation that you make about someone else.
它的意思是你对自己的能力很自信。你对自己很自信，但是通常表达的是你对别人的观察。
If they seem confident like they know what they're doing, then they're very sure of themselves. So the way to use this expression is with the 'be' verb.
如果他们看起来很自信的话，知道他们在做什么，那么他们就是对自己非常自信。这个表达的使用方式是和动词‘be’连用。
She is quite sure of herself. But probably even more often, we use the verb 'seem' or 'appear'.
她对自己很自信。但是可能更经常的是，我们会使用‘seem’或者是‘appear’。
He seems quite sure of himself. Or they appear to be quite sure of themselves.
他看起来很自信。或者是他们看起来对自己很有信心。
To hang in there. Now we use this expression when we're trying to tell someone that they need to remain persistent and determined in really difficult circumstances.
坚持下去，别泄气。当我们在试着告诉别人他们需要在非常困难的情境下要继续保持坚持坚定的态度的话，就会使用这个单词。
So this expression is a really good one to use when you're offering sympathy or encouragement to someone who is having difficulties. So when you use it, you're telling them keep going. You can do it!
当你向正处于困境的人表达同情或者是鼓励的时候，这个表达很好用。所以当你使用的时候，你告诉他们要坚持下去。你可以的！
You know, persist. I know that it's difficult right now but you'll make it through, so it's a really reassuring expression.
你懂得，要坚持。我知道现在的情况很艰难，但是你会挺过去的，所以这是个安慰人的表达。
If your friend is having some difficulties at work, maybe their boss is frustrating them or they've started talking about quitting for some reason, you could say "Hang in there, mate. You'll be right!" That was a really Australian expression.
如果你的朋友在工作中遇到困难的话，可能是他们的老板让他们非常心烦，或者是他们开始谈论因为某个原因要辞职，你可以说：“坚持下去，朋友。你会挺过去的！”这是个非常具有澳大利亚风味的表达。
"Hang in there mate. You'll be right!" 'You'll be right' means you'll be okay.
“坚持一下，朋友。事情会变好的！”“You'll be right”意思是你会变好的。
To get your head around something. When you get your head around something, you understand it.
理解某件事情。当你“get your head around something”的时候，意思就是你理解了这件事情。
It's taken me a while to get my head around it but now I've got it. It's been difficult for all of us to get our head around the scale of the Australian bushfires.
我花了一段时间才理解了这件事，但是现在我已经懂了。我们花了很长时间才了解澳大利亚森林大火的规模。
Have you got your head around these different expressions yet? It might take you a little while.
你们理解了这些不同的表达了吗？可能要花上一点时间。
They're quite advanced English expressions and it's definitely challenging to use them fluently in conversations. There's lots of idioms, lots of phrasal verbs so they're going to take a bit of practice.
它们是比较高级的英语表达，要在对话中流利地使用它们可是很有难度的。有很多的习语，有很多的动词短语，所以它们需要练习。
But you'll get there, hang in there. Alright so here's your challenge.
但是你们会达成目标的，坚持下去吧。好的，挑战来了。
If you can use five of these expressions together in a paragraph, I want to read it in the comments below. I want you to practise writing a little story that focuses on bringing a few of these expressions together in one place.
如果你们可以在一段话中使用其中的五个表达的话，我希望可以在下方的评论区读到。我想让大家练习写一个小故事，将这些表达都放到里面。
Like I said at the start of the lesson, watching is not enough. To remember these expressions you need to put them into practice and actually use them.
就像我在本节课程刚开始的时候说的那样，单单是看是不够的。要记住这些表达，你需要将它们运用到实践之中，真正地使用它们。
I hope that you enjoyed this lesson and that you subscribe to my channel just down here. I've got new lessons every week.
我希望大家喜欢这节课程，希望大家订阅我的频道，就在下方。我每周都会发布新的课程。
2020 is here and I'm excited to help you improve your speaking skills throughout the year ahead. So to keep practising with me right now, you know where to find me.
2020 年已经到来，我对帮助大家在新的一年提升口语技能感到非常的激动。想要和我一起继续练习的话，你们知道该去哪里找我。
