- A+
发音规则三省掉【h】的连读
在连音规则中,以“h”最初的单词 [h] 音近乎省掉。因为 [h] 发音很特别——只是出气没有冲突,所以拼读时如同被省掉了。
1、Does~he know?
2、What~happened?
3、Please give~him a hand!
2 略读
英文最显着的语音规则除了连读外,就是略读了。爆破音和爆破音相邻,第一个爆破音只构成阻止,但不发生爆破,称为失爆;爆破音和其他子音相邻,该爆破音不完全爆破。英语语音中的失爆和不完全爆破表象,咱们简称为“略读”。略读是英语语音学习的要点,也是一个难点,掌控好略读,也就掌控了地道英语发音的取胜法宝!
留心:略读时并不是把整个音丢掉,而是发音时点到中止,有口型不发音或纤细发音。
重要学术名词--爆破音:
[b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
1
爆破音+爆破音=失掉爆破
Tips:
六个爆破音中任意两个相遇,一个爆破音后紧跟着另一个爆破音时,前面一个音点到中止,构成阻止,但不发生爆破;第二个音完全爆破;若第二个爆破音在词尾,则有必要轻化。
以一个爆破音结束并以同一个爆破音初步时,只发一次音,前一个音只做好发音预备而不发音,直接发第二个音。
单词内失爆
1.active=a(c)tive [k]+[t]
Students are encouraged to be active in class.
2.blackboard=blac(k)board [k]+[b]
Our class has a large blackboard.
3.dictation=di(k)tation [k]+[t]
We'll have dictation today.
4.football=foo(t)ball [t]+[b]
There is going to be a football match tonight. Shall we watch it together?
5.goodbye=goo(d)bye [d]+[b]
She waved me goodbye.
语句内失爆
以上罗列的失爆和不完全爆破表象,都发生在单词内,实践上,在一个语句或许词组中,相邻的两个单词呈现失爆和不完全爆破表象的几率要大于呈如今单词内。
1.Stop talking!=Sto(p)-talking!
2.I don't care.=I don'(t) -care.
3.I had a bad cold.=I had a ba(d)-cold.
2
爆破音[t]和[d]+鼻子音[m]和[n]
爆破音[t]和[d]后边紧跟鼻子音[m]和[n],[t]和[d]构成阻止,在词末有必要经过鼻分经绿腔爆破;发音时,舌尖紧贴上齿龈,稍铺开马上贴回,从爆破季述国音到鼻音舌位不变,让气流转过鼻腔冲出,筹上在词中则不完全爆破。
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在词末
1. Britain [tn]
Britain is made up of England, Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland.
2、certain [tn]
They are certain to agree.
3、frighten [tn]
The high prices frighten off many customers.
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在词中
1、admire=a(d)mire [d]=[m]
I really admire your enthusiasm.
2、admit=a(d)mit [d]+[m]
She admits to being strict with her children.
3、goodness=goo(d)ness [d]+[n]
Thank goodness!
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在句中
1、Good morning!=Goo(d)-morning!
2、Let me take a look.=Le(t)-me take a look.
3、I don't know what to say.=I don'(t)-know what to say.
3
爆破音[t]和[d]+舌边音[l]
爆破音[t]和[d]后边紧跟舌边音[l],则有必要由舌两端爆破,这种情况多发生在词尾。爆破音爆破音[t]和[d]后边紧跟清楚舌边[l],则为不完全爆破。
[t]和[d]+[l]在词末
1.battle [t]+[l]
Any soldiers were killed in the battle.
2.gentle [t]+[l]
His soap is very gentle on the hands.
3.little [t]+[l]
I'm a little tired.
4.settle [t]+[l]
The company has agreed to settle out of court.
5.title [t]+[l]
Give your name and title。
[t]和[d]+[l]在词中
1.heartless=hear(t)less [t]+[l]
The decision does seem a little heartless.
2.lately=la(te)l
y [t]+[l]
Have you seen him lately?
3.badly=ba(d)ly [d]+[l]
Things have been going badly.
4.needless=nee(d)less [d]+[l]
Banning somking would save needless deaths.
[t]和[d]+[l]在句中
1.Good luck!=Goo(d)-luck!
2.I would like to have one.=I woul(d) like to have one.
3.At last, we made it to his party.=A(t) last, we made it to his party.
4
爆破音+冲突音/破擦音=失掉爆破
当爆破音后紧跟着冲突音和破擦音时,该爆破音构成阻止,但不完全爆破。
冲突音:[f][v][θ][ ]展开[ z][ ][ ][h][r]
破擦音:[ts]-[dz],[tr]-[dr],[t]-[d]
单词内失爆
1.advance=a(d)vance [d]+[v]
We live in an age of rapid technologcical advance.
2.bookshop=boo(k)shop [k]+[ ]
The bookshop opens at 7 o'clock in the morning.
3.helpful=hel(p)ful
+[f]
A: Sorry, I can't be more helpful.
B: Thank you. You're been very helpful.
4.lecture=le(c)ture [k]+[t]
Mr Li is giving a lecture to first-year students.
5.object=o(b)ject [b]+[d]
The object is to educate people about road safety.
语句内失爆
1.You look fantastic.=You loo(k)-fantastic.
2.I'll get there by ten.=I'll ge(t) there by ten.
3.Let's have a good chat.=Let's have a goo(d)-chat.
4.I haven't read the book.=I haven'(t)-read the book.
5.Wish you a great success!=Wish you a grea(t)-success!
6.Put the book on the desk.=Pu(t)-the book on the desk.
7.She is one of my old friends.=She is one of my ol(d)-friends.
8.I'd like a room with a good view.=I'd like a room with a goo(d) view.
9.I am quite sure that you will win.=I am qui(te) sure that you will win.
10.Don't judge people only by appearance.=Don'(t) judge people only by appearance.
3 断句
当语句较长时,我们会觉得很难一口气把?低辍U馐保梢园从镆搴陀锓ǖ牧绨延锞浞治舾啥危恳欢尉褪且桓鲆馊骸;痪浠8担馊壕褪强梢怨钩梢桓鱿喽远懒⒁馑嫉囊欢危枪钩捎锞涞牟考?
意群和意群之间可以有必定的中止,这种中止和我们的思维活动是共同的。但一个意群中的各个单词之间则不可以中止,整个意群读下来就像一个长单词相同。记住:英语不是一个词一个词地说的。
例1:Repeating after tapes is very inportant for beginners.
意群:Repeating after tapes | is very inportant | for beginners.
跟读录音带关于初专家来说,对错常重要的。
例2:Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy, and wise.
意群:Early to bed | and early to rise | makes a man | healthy, happy, and wise.睡得早,起得早,安康、高兴、脑筋好。
例3:Liu Xiang, who's a brilliant runner,represented China at Olympic Games.
意群:Liu Xiang, | who's a brilliant runner, | represented China | at Olympic Games.优良的跑步运建议刘翔代表我国参加了奥运会。
例4:But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense.
意群:But | the most important argument | for a broad education | is that | in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, | we improve our moral sense.但广泛教育最重要的缘由在于经过学习上一任所凝集的才智结晶,使咱们的对错道德观得以改进。
意群之间的中止,根传闻话人的情况而定,并非必定要中止不可以。但如有中止,则有必要介意群之间,随意乱停就损坏了言语的节奏。
4 语句的重音
英语中有一则有关语句重音的笑话:有一自个去邮局买了一张邮票,预备发信,他问:“Must I stick it on myself?”因为on 不该重读而重读了,原意“我自个贴(在信封)上吗?”却成了“我得把邮票贴自个身上吗?”成果出了洋相。可见,正确处置语句重读必定不可以无视。
语句重读的一般规则
在联接的言语中,不可以能一切的词都相同重要,有必要有些词较为要害,有些词则相对非有必要一些。一般来说,要害词需要重读,这就是语句的重音,而其他词则不必重读。或答应以说成:实词重读,虚词不重读。
一般需要重读的词(实词/要害词):
实义动词、名词、描述词、副词、数词、疑问词和感叹词等。
一般需要重读的词(虚词/非要害词):
助动词、神态动词、冠词、介词、连词、物主代词、联络代词和联络副词等。
另外,人称代词、连词、介词和助动词等一般不重读,但在特定景象中,也需要重读。如人称代词做并排主语或宾语时需重读,句首的介词也需要重读,做主语或宾语的指示代词也需要重读。
在听力考试中,语句重音可以协助考生找到要害词,并把捉住首要意思,正确了解所听的内容。一般情况下,在不需要特别偏重或比照某些内容时,语句的重音一般落在最终一个呈现的实词上,例如:
例如:The course was more difficult than she had expected, but she got a lot out of it.译文:这个课程比她愿望中的难多了,但她仍是从中学会了许多东西。
这个语句中,只需听到重读的词或词组就不难正确了解句意。
(1)courage, more difficult, expected;
(2)got , lot , out.
语句的逻辑重音
语句的重音老是要体现说话人的思维和他所表达意思的要点,有时为了偏重,语句中几乎任何词都可以有语句重音,包括一些一般没有语句重音的词,这种依说话者意图重读的音就是逻辑重音。
例如:
Did you tell my wife?
偏重“wife”,你要告诉我老婆吗?
偏重“my”,你要告诉我的老婆吗?
偏重“you”,你要告诉我的老婆吗?
5. 语调
语调是协助咱们表达各种思维豪情的重要途径,英语语调的根柢类型有降调、升调平缓调。
降调标明说话人的情绪必定、意思无缺、语法规划独立;升调标明说话人的情绪不必定、意思不无缺、语法规划不独立;平调一般用于直接引语后边,表述所说的话,音高没有凹凸的改变。在意义比照凌乱的语句或意群中,一般联系了三种根柢语调,构成升降调或许降升调,而使语调变得凌乱。
美国英语比英国英语更布衣化,它的语调也更趋于天然,较少成心的抑扬抑扬;英国英语语调则高低较大。不一样的语调可以标明说话人不一样的情绪和不一样的隐意义思。英语中同一句话选用不一样的语调会发生截然不一样的语意概念。
例如:“yes”,若用降调,标明说话人对所答复的疑问非常断定;若用升调,标明对疑问有疑问。语调具有激烈的豪情颜色,它使言语更赋有体现力。