- A+
HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
安康的日子习气
As teenagers grow up[1]，they become more independent and start making their own decisions.However，during this period，it can be easy for 
some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits，if left unchecked[2]，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.For example，some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse，which can lead to physical and mental health problems.To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.
[1]此处为As引导的时刻状语从句，标明“跟着……”。
[2]此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省掉，将其补全则是if these bad habits are left unchecked。
青少年在生长进程中，变得愈加独立而且初步自个做抉择。不过，一些人在这时刻简略养成不良习气。这些坏习气假定不加以控制，成年后可以会致使更严峻的坏习气。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，构成生理和心思安康疑问。避免比方此类的有害习气影响青少年的日子是至关重要的。他们有必要尽早知道到不良习气，并做出恰当的改动。
To change bad habits is never easy，even with many attempts.There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle[3]：“We are what we repeatedly do.”In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made.We make a choice to do something，and then we repeat it over and over again.Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.The good news is that we can change，if we understand how habits work.
[3]此处为曩昔分词短语作后置定语，润饰a famous saying。
改动不良习气并非易事，甚至测验多次也未必可以成功。有一条根据亚里士多德哲学思维的闻名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了咱们。”在许多方面，咱们的日子方法就是咱们所作选择的总和。咱们选择做某事，然后一遍一遍重复。很快，这种选择就会主动构成一种很难改动的习气。好消息是，假定咱们了解了习气是如何作业的，咱们就能做出改动。
According to modern psychology，we must first learn about the“habit cycle”， which works like this：
根据现代心思学，首要咱们有必要晓得“习气环”。它的运作原理如下：
·Firstly，there is a“cue”，an action，event，or situation that acts as a signal to do something.
·Secondly，there is a“routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue.
·Thirdly，there is the“reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
For example，when we feel unhappy(cue)，we eat lots of unhealthy snacks(routine)，which makes us feel happy (reward)[4]．The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle，and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
[4]此处为which引导的非捆绑性定语从句，其间又包括了“make＋宾语＋宾补”规划，宾补为feel happy。
·第一，“提示”，即一个行为、作业或情况，充作为某事的信号。
·第二，“常规”，即你根据提示所采纳的常规行为。
·第三，“奖赏”，即咱们从常规中得到的美功德物或感触。
例如，当咱们感到不开心的时分(提示)，会吃许多不安康的零食(常规)，这让咱们感到开心(奖赏)。奖赏让咱们更有可以持续这个循环，并养成依靠不安康零食的不良习气。
To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.For example，we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive.So，when we feel unhappy again(cue)，rather than eat snacks，we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine)，which will make us feel relaxed(reward)．Aside from changing bad habits，we can also use the
habit cycle to create good habits.For example，when we come to an escalator (cue)，our normal routine is to ride it，but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.
想要促进不良习气朝着活泼的方向转化，咱们有必要首要审视自个的坏习气循环，然后极力去调整。经过将习气环中的信息与咱们自个的活泼主意相联系，咱们可以改动这些习气。比方，咱们可以测验用更活泼的东西来取代低沉常规。所以，当咱们再次感到不开心时(提示)，与其吃零食，不如听一些咱们最喜爱的音乐(常规)，这会使咱们感到放松(奖赏)。除了改动不良习气，咱们也可以用习气环来创造好习气。例如，当咱们走到主动扶梯前时(提示)，一般的常规是乘电梯，可是咱们可以改成走楼梯，把这个常规变得更为活泼。
Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up.In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly，but over a period of time. As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote[5]，“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
”One step seems small，but it is essential.To reach the goal of change，a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.After all，it is not easy to break bad habits.
[5]As在此引导非捆绑性定语从句，As指代整个主句的内容。
咱们中的许多人企图灵敏改动坏习气，假定咱们不能马上成功，咱们一般会变得绝望而扔掉。实际上，最成功的改动方法不是片刻间结束的，而是需要花费一段时刻。正如我国哲学家老子所说：“积少成多。”一步看似细小，却至关重要。为了抵达改动的意图，我们有必要体现出一些克己力，重复迈出许多小步。究竟，改掉不良习气并非易事。
For young people，there is plenty of time to change bad habits.However，there is no“magic pill”or delete button that will help you；you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits！
对年青人来说，他们具有足够的时刻去改动不良习气。可是，并没有“魔法药丸”或删去键会协助你，你有必要思考你的不良习气并抉择作出一些改动。你有才能打造充溢好习气的高兴又安康的日子！
（本材料仅供师生自个教育运用，文本音频版权归公民教育出书社一切）
