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词根学习第九弹,今天AAE(美国英文学院,American Academy of English,简称AAE)要分析的词根是:log
这个词根,有两种意思:
其一为:to speak,表示“说话”
其二为:science,表示“科学,学科”
当词根log表示“说话”时:
1. logic [log(=to speak)+ic表示“...学”]
n. 逻辑(学);思维方式
例句:
I don't follow the logic of your argument
我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。
2. logical [logic 逻辑学+al表示“...的”]
adj. 逻辑的;符合逻辑
的;可想而知的
例句:
It was a logical conclusion from the child's point of view.
从小孩的观点来看这是个合乎情理的结论。
延伸学习:
logically (副词)逻辑上;符合逻辑地
logicality (名词)合乎逻辑,逻辑性
logician(名词)逻辑学家
3. apology [apo(=away)远离+log(=to speak)+y表示行为]
n. 道歉;谢罪
例句:
We received a letter of apology.
我们收到了一封致歉信。
延伸学习:
apologize(动词)赔罪,道歉;辩解
apologetic(形容词)道歉的,认错的;辩护的
4. logomachy [log(=to speak) + mach(=fight)+y表示行为]
n. 对词义的争执;舌战
例句:
They're just two ivory tower academics engaged in a literary logomachy.
他们不过是两名热衷于文学论战的象牙塔式的学者而已。
5. analogy [ana类似+log(=to speak)+y表示行为]
n. 类似,相似;比拟;类推
例句:
There is no analogy existed between you and me.
你和我之间没有相似之处。
延伸学习:
analogous(形容词)类似的,相似的;可比拟的
false analogy 错误的类推
forced analogy 牵强的类推,牵强附会
6. eulogy [eu(=good)好+log(=to speak)+y表示行为]
n. 赞辞;赞颂
例句:
The song was a eulogy to the joys of traveling.
这首歌是对旅行的乐趣的
颂词。
eulogize(动词)赞颂,称赞
eulogistic(形容词)颂扬的;歌功颂德的
eulogist (名词)赞颂者,称赞者
7. dialogue [dia(=between)两者之间+logu(=to speak)+e]
n. 对话(式的作品);意见交换
例句:
The play was full of slangy dialogue.
剧中充斥了大量俚语对话。
8. monologue [mono(=one)一+logu(=to speak)+e]
n. 独白;(戏剧等的)独角戏
例句:
The audience lapped up his monologue.
听众倾听他的独白。
9.prologue[pro(=before)向前+logu(=to speak)+e]
n. 序言;(戏剧的)开场白;序幕
例句:
In the beginning, I wrote the prologue in Chinese.
最初,我用中文写了本版的序言。
10.epilogue[epi(=after)在...后面+logu(=to speak)+e]
n.(文学作品的)收场白;结语;尾声(在上面附加的言辞)
例句:
Were you sad that Neville wasn't mentioned in the epilogue?
在电影尾声的时候没有纳威的出现,你会不会有点伤心?
11. catalogue [cata下面+logu(=to speak)+e]
n. 目录
v. 做目录;将...编入目录
例句:
Look in the catalogue to see whether the library has this book.
查查目录,看看图书馆里是否有这本书。
当词根log表示“科学”时:
1.biology [bio(= life)生命+logy表示“...学]
n. 生物学
例句:
We dissected a frog in biology class.
我们在生物课上解剖了一只青蛙。
2.geology [geo(= earth)地球+logy表示“...学]
n. 地质学
例句:
He was visiting professor of geology at MIT.
他是麻省理工大学的地质学客座教授。
3.physiology [phys表示“身体、物质”+io+logy表示“...学”]
n. 生理学
例句:
He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.
他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
4.psychology [paycho表示“心理、精神”+logy表示“...学”]
n. 心理学
例句:
He obtained his doctorate in Social Psychology.
他获得了社会心理学博士学位。
5.philology [phil爱+log(=to speak)说话+y表名词]
n. 语言学
例句:
Known as Grimm's Law, it was a landmark in the development of modern philology.
他的描述被称“格里姆规律”,是当代语言学发展史上的一个里程碑。
6.anthropology[anthropo(= man)人+logy表示“...学”]
n.人类学
例句:
The branch of anthropology deals with human culture and society.
人类学中有关人类社会与文化的研究。
7. meteorology [meteor流星+o+log+y]
n.气象学;气象
例句:
This is a book about meteorology.
这本书是讲气象的
8.entomology[entomo昆虫+log+y]
n. 昆虫学
例句:
Coursework includes plant biology, entomology, soil chemistry, and plant propagation.
课程包括植物生物学,昆虫学,土壤化学和植物繁殖。
9.genealogy [genea(= birth,race,descent)出生+logy表示“...学”]
n. 家谱(学);宗谱;系谱
例句:
He had sat and repeated his family's genealogy to her, twenty minutes of nonstop names.
他坐下又给她细数了一遍他家族的家谱,20分钟内说出了一连串的名字。
10.chronology [chrono(= time)时间+log+y]
n. 年代学,年表
例句:
Chronology is the arrangement of facts and events in the order of time.
年表记录了在特定的时间安排的事实和事件。
11.epistemology [epi(=after)在...后面+stem表示“根,基础”+o+log+y]
n. 认识论
例句:
Epistemology is the theory of knowledge.
认识论是关于认识的理论。
12. astrology [astro(= star)星星+o+log=y]
n. 占星术
例句:
I don’t believe in astrology.
我不相信占星术。
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