- A+
(1)主语+不及物动词+如今分词/曩昔分词
阐明:1.本句型中的谓语动词由不及物动词充当,分词作状语。
2.如今分词短语作状语时一般标明主语正在进行的另一个动作,起烘托或润饰作用。
3.曩昔分词(短语
)作状语时,首要润饰谓语动词,标明动作发生的布景与情况。
4.如今分词/曩昔分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语与语句是共同的。
例:a)They sat facing each other.他们面临面地坐着。
b)He lay on the grass enjoying the sunshine.他躺在草地上享受阳光。
c)Frustrated, he went back to his home village.他大失人望,回到家乡去。
d)Supported by the people, our troops struck back with guns and grenades.在公民的撑持下,我军以步枪和手榴弹进行了反击。
(2)主语+及物动词+动词不定式
阐明:1.本句型中宾语由动词不定式充当。
2.本句型中的动词不定式可用被逼式和结束式。
3.本句型中的动词不定式可在to前加not或never标明否定。
4.可接动词不定式作宾语的动词首要有:expect, hope, want, wish, apply, ask, manage, arrage, prepare, agree, promise, trouble, hilp, decline, choose, fail等。
例:a)He would admire to be a pilot.他喜爱当飞翔员。
b)The scientist claims to have discovered a new planet.这位科学家声称发现了一颗新的行星。
c)They pretended not to see us.他们佯装没有看见咱们。
(3)主语+及物动词+动名词
阐明:1.本句型中的宾语由动名词充当。
2.动名词因为具有动词特征,故可带有自个的宾语。
3.动名词可用于否定式和结束式
4.只能跟动名词作宾词的动词首要有:avoid, escape, miss, advise, suggest, forbid, prevent, delay, postpone, admit, deny, recall, report, dislike, enjoy等。
例:a)At last she accepted marryinhg him.她最终附和和他成婚了。
b)I can‘t afford going to visit my sick sister.我抽不出时刻去看望我患病的姐姐。
c)I would advise not buying the house.我主张不要买这幢房子。
(4)主语+及物动词+名词/代词+不带的to的动词不定式
阐明:用于本句型的动词不定式有两类:一是感官动词see, find, hear, notice, watch, smell, observe, look at, listen to等;二是某些使役动词,如let, make, have等。
例:a)I‘ve never known him tell lies.我历来没有传闻他扯谎。
b)Mother let me go to camp.母亲让我去参加露营。
(5)主语+及物动词+名词/代词+如今分词
阐明:1.如今分词标明一是正在进行的连续性动作或可以不断地重复进行的时刻短性动作;二是初步进行的动作。
2.本句型的宾语与宾语补足语具有逻辑上的主谓联络。
3.常用于本句型的及物动词有:discover, feel, find, hear, keep, look at, leave, observe, paint, see, send, show, start, take等。
例:a)The bell brought people gathering on the square.铃声使我们在广场上集结。
b)She heard the wind blowing and the rain pattering against the windows.她听到了刮风和雨点打在窗子上的声响。
(6)That+语句
阐明:1.本句型用于标明没有完成的期望。
2.That后的语句要用虚拟式。
3.that在本句型中是连词,可视为“I wish that——”,“I regard that——”,“I wonder that——”等的省掉。
例:a)That I had never met him.我期望历来没见过他。
b) That he should do such a thing! 他竟会干出这种作业来!
(7)Not until+时刻状语/从句+did +主语+其他
阐明:1.本句型首要是为了加强口气而将主句中的not移至until之前,主句选用倒装语序。
2.本句型有变体“It is not until+时刻状语/从句+that+主语从句”,首要是为了偏重,一般译作“直到——才”。
例: a)Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.直到孩子入眠后,母亲才脱离房间。
b)It was not until the next day that I learned the truth.直到第二天我才理解底细。
(8)主语+谓语——+so+描述词/副词+that+成果从句
主语+谓语——+such+(描述词+名词+)that+成果从句
阐明:1.句型中的so, such是标明“如此”的意思。
2.第一句型有变体“主语+be+ so+曩昔分词+that+成果从句”
3.第二句型一般用法是“such+描述词复数名词或不可以数名词+that从句”或是“such+ a/an+描述词+奇数可数名词+that从句”,标明“这样——(一个)——致使于——”。例:a)The meat was so tough that I simply couldn‘t get it down.这肉太老了,我几乎咽不下去。
b)He spoke so rapidly that we could not clearly understand him.他说得太马上,使咱们不能晓得他的意思。
c)He told such funny stories that we all laughed.他是这样诙谐的故事,把咱们都逗笑了。
d)He was such a selfish man that nobody would help him. 他是这样一个自私的人,所以没有人协助他。
(9)主语+谓语+描述词/副词/名词+enough+(for+逻辑主语+)+动词不定式
阐明:enough如润饰名词,也可置于名词前。
例:a)The clothes cupboard is big enough for you to walk in.这衣柜大得可容你进入。
b)。There is enough food for eight people食物满足8自个吃。
(10)主语+would/had+ rather+动词原形+than+动词原形
阐明:本句型标明片面上的决择,常译作“宁可——”“与其——甘愿——”等。例:a) She would rather spend than save.她有钱甘愿花掉,不愿积储。
b) He insisted on staying rather than go.她坚持要留下来,而不愿去。
(11)It is/was +被偏重有些+who/that+其他有些
阐明:1.当所偏重的主语是指人的名词或代词时,须运用who,其他情况均用that.
2.偏重时刻状语(从句)时不可以用when,须用that;偏重地址状语(从句)时不可以用where,也须用that.
例:a)It is on Tuesday that she will come.她星期二来。
b) I shall remember the day(that )we met the first time.我将永久记住咱们初度碰头的日子。
(12)否定词语+助动词/神态动词+主语+谓语
阐明:1.否定词语置于句首是为了偏重否定,可致使有些倒装。
2.本句型中常用的否定词语:at no point, hardly, in vain, little, never, not, nowhere, rarely, scarcely, seldom.
例:a) Hardly did I think it possible.我几乎认为这是不可以能的。
b) Nowhere have I seen your bike.我从未见过你的自行车。
c) Rarely did I meet Mr. Eldon.我很少遇上埃尔登先生。
(13)有些谓语动词+虚拟口气方法表达
阐明:标明需求、主张、指令、假定等动词的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟方法来表达,也就是该从句动词用原形。这些动词有:advise, ask, beg, demand, deserve, desire, determine, insist, move, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, suppose, urge
例:a) I advise that he go at once. 我?砩献摺?
b) She demanded that we attack at once. 她需求咱们当即进犯